Preposisi (Prepositions)

Preposisi adalah kata kecil yang menunjukkan hubungan antara benda-benda.

Contoh:

The keys are on the table.
Kuncinya ada di atas meja.

On memberi tahu kita posisi kunci itu terhadap meja.

Preposisi umum lainnya adalah:

in, on, at, under, next to, behind, in front of, between, near

Mari kita pelajari selangkah demi selangkah.

🔤 1. Apa fungsi preposisi?

Preposisi sering memberi tahu kita:

  • where sesuatu berada
  • when sesuatu terjadi
  • which direction sesuatu bergerak

Contoh:

The cat is under the chair.
Kucing itu ada di bawah kursi.

Under memberi tahu kita di mana kucing itu.

We study English at night.
Kami belajar bahasa Inggris pada malam hari.

At memberi tahu kita kapan kita belajar.

She walks to school.
Dia jalan kaki ke sekolah.

To memberi tahu kita arahnya.

Jadi pikirkan:

Preposition = kata kecil yang menunjukkan hubungan.

📘 2. Preposisi tempat

Let's start with place.
Mari mulai dengan tempat.

Ini beberapa yang paling umum:

in
on
under
next to
behind
in front of
between
near

🧩 3. In

In berarti sesuatu ada di dalam benda atau area lain.

The milk is in the fridge.
Susunya ada di dalam kulkas.

My wallet is in my bag.
Dompet saya ada di dalam tas saya.

There are toys in the box.
Ada mainan di dalam kotak.

Pikirkan:

in = di dalam

🔍 4. On

On berarti sesuatu menyentuh permukaan sesuatu.

The book is on the desk.
Bukunya ada di atas meja.

There is a picture on the wall.
Ada gambar di dinding.

My phone is on the table.
Ponsel saya ada di atas meja.

Pikirkan:

on = menyentuh permukaan

🧠 5. Under

Under berarti lebih rendah dari sesuatu.

The shoes are under the bed.
Sepatunya ada di bawah tempat tidur.

The cat is under the table.
Kucing itu ada di bawah meja.

Your bag is under the chair.
Tasmu ada di bawah kursi.

Pikirkan:

under = di bawah

🗂️ 6. Next to

Next to berarti sangat dekat di samping sesuatu atau seseorang.

The pharmacy is next to the bank.
Apotek itu ada di samping bank.

Emma is sitting next to me.
Emma duduk di samping saya.

The lamp is next to the sofa.
Lampunya ada di samping sofa.

Pikirkan:

next to = di samping

🎯 7. Behind

Behind berarti di belakang sesuatu.

The car is behind the house.
Mobilnya ada di belakang rumah.

The child is hiding behind the door.
Anak itu bersembunyi di belakang pintu.

There is a garden behind the building.
Ada taman di belakang gedung.

Pikirkan:

behind = di belakang

💬 8. In front of

In front of berarti di depan sesuatu.

The bus is in front of the school.
Busnya ada di depan sekolah.

There is a tree in front of the house.
Ada pohon di depan rumah.

She is standing in front of me.
Dia berdiri di depan saya.

Pikirkan:

in front of = di depan

🔤 9. Between

Between berarti di antara dua orang atau benda.

The bank is between the hotel and the restaurant.
Bank itu ada di antara hotel dan restoran.

Tom is sitting between Anna and David.
Tom duduk di antara Anna dan David.

The ball is between the two chairs.
Bolanya ada di antara dua kursi.

Pikirkan:

between = di antara dua

📘 10. Near

Near berarti dekat dengan sesuatu.

The school is near my house.
Sekolahnya dekat dengan rumah saya.

There is a café near the station.
Ada kafe dekat stasiun.

She lives near the airport.
Dia tinggal dekat bandara.

Pikirkan:

near = dekat dengan

🧩 11. Gambaran sederhana di kepalamu

Bayangkan sebuah kotak dan sebuah bola.

Di dalam

The ball is in the box.
Bolanya ada di dalam kotak.

Di atas

The ball is on the box.
Bolanya ada di atas kotak.

Di bawah

The ball is under the box.
Bolanya ada di bawah kotak.

Di samping

The ball is next to the box.
Bolanya ada di samping kotak.

Di belakang

The ball is behind the box.
Bolanya ada di belakang kotak.

Di depan

The ball is in front of the box.
Bolanya ada di depan kotak.

Gambaran seperti ini bisa membantumu mengingat preposisi.

🔍 12. In vs. on

Pemula sering bingung membedakan in dan on.

In = di dalam

The clothes are in the closet.
Baju-bajunya ada di dalam lemari.

On = di atas permukaan

The clothes are on the bed.
Baju-bajunya ada di atas tempat tidur.

Bandingkan:

The keys are in the drawer.
Kuncinya ada di dalam laci.

The keys are on the desk.
Kuncinya ada di atas meja.

🧠 13. On vs. under

The notebook is on the chair.
Buku catatannya ada di atas kursi.

The notebook is touching the chair's surface.
Buku catatan itu menyentuh permukaan kursi.

The notebook is under the chair.
Buku catatannya ada di bawah kursi.

The notebook is below the chair.
Buku catatan itu lebih rendah dari kursi.

🗂️ 14. Behind vs. in front of

Keduanya adalah kebalikan satu sama lain.

The car is behind the house.
Mobilnya ada di belakang rumah.

The house is in front of the car.
Rumahnya ada di depan mobil.

The car is in front of the house.
Mobilnya ada di depan rumah.

The car is ahead of the house.
Mobil itu di depan rumah.

🎯 15. Preposisi waktu

Preposisi juga bisa memberi tahu kita kapan sesuatu terjadi.

Tiga yang sangat umum adalah:

at
on
in

Mereka mirip, tapi kita memakainya secara berbeda.

💬 16. At — waktu tertentu

Pakai at dengan waktu tertentu.

The class starts at 8:00.
Kelasnya mulai jam 8:00.

I wake up at 6:30.
Saya bangun jam 6:30.

We eat dinner at 7 p.m.
Kami makan malam jam 7 malam.

Kita juga biasa mengatakan:

at night

I usually read at night.
Saya biasanya membaca pada malam hari.

Pikirkan:

at = waktu tertentu

🔤 17. On — hari dan tanggal

Pakai on dengan hari dan tanggal.

I work on Monday.
Saya bekerja hari Senin.

We have a meeting on Friday.
Kami ada rapat hari Jumat.

Her birthday is on June 10.
Ulang tahunnya tanggal 10 Juni.

The store is closed on Sundays.
Tokonya tutup setiap hari Minggu.

Pikirkan:

on = hari/tanggal

📘 18. In — bulan, tahun, dan periode lebih panjang

Pakai in dengan bulan, tahun, musim, dan periode yang lebih panjang.

My birthday is in July.
Ulang tahun saya bulan Juli.

She was born in 2005.
Dia lahir tahun 2005.

We travel a lot in summer.
Kami sering bepergian saat musim panas.

I usually study in the morning.
Saya biasanya belajar pada pagi hari.

Pikirkan:

in = periode lebih panjang

🧩 19. At, on, dan in

Ini tabel yang mudah:

Preposisi Penggunaan Umum Contoh
at waktu tertentu at 7:00
on hari/tanggal on Monday
in bulan/tahun/periode lebih panjang in July

Contoh-contoh:

The movie starts at 8:00.
Filmnya mulai jam 8:00.

We have class on Tuesday.
Kami ada kelas hari Selasa.

School starts in September.
Sekolah mulai bulan September.

🔍 20. Preposisi arah

Preposisi juga bisa menunjukkan pergerakan.

Contoh yang umum:

to
into
from
out of

🧠 21. To

To menunjukkan pergerakan menuju suatu tempat atau orang.

I am going to school.
Saya sedang pergi ke sekolah.

She walks to the store.
Dia jalan kaki ke toko.

We are traveling to Jakarta.
Kami sedang bepergian ke Jakarta.

Pikirkan:

to = menuju

🗂️ 22. From

From menunjukkan dari mana sesuatu atau seseorang berasal.

I am from Indonesia.
Saya dari Indonesia.

This train comes from Surabaya.
Kereta ini datang dari Surabaya.

She walked from the station.
Dia jalan kaki dari stasiun.

Pikirkan:

from = tempat asal

🎯 23. Into

Into berarti bergerak dari luar ke dalam.

The cat jumped into the box.
Kucing itu melompat ke dalam kotak.

He walked into the room.
Dia berjalan masuk ke dalam ruangan.

She put the clothes into the bag.
Dia memasukkan baju-baju itu ke dalam tas.

Bandingkan:

The cat is in the box.
Kucing itu ada di dalam kotak.

The cat is already inside.
Kucing itu sudah ada di dalam.

The cat jumped into the box.
Kucing itu melompat ke dalam kotak.

The cat moved from outside to inside.
Kucing itu bergerak dari luar ke dalam.

💬 24. Out of

Out of berarti bergerak dari dalam ke luar.

The cat jumped out of the box.
Kucing itu melompat keluar dari kotak.

He walked out of the room.
Dia berjalan keluar dari ruangan.

She took the clothes out of the bag.
Dia mengeluarkan baju-baju itu dari tas.

Bandingkan:

She is in the room.
Dia ada di dalam ruangan.

She is inside.
Dia ada di dalam.

She walked out of the room.
Dia berjalan keluar dari ruangan.

She moved from inside to outside.
Dia bergerak dari dalam ke luar.

🔤 25. Jangan Menerjemahkan Setiap Preposisi Secara Harfiah

Ini penting.

Kadang preposisi bahasa Inggris tidak sama dengan preposisi yang kamu pakai dalam bahasa ibumu.

Contohnya, bahasa Inggris mengatakan:

at night

bukan:

❌ in night

Bahasa Inggris mengatakan:

on Monday

bukan:

❌ in Monday

Jadi jangan selalu menerjemahkan kata per kata.

Lebih baik mempelajari kombinasi kata yang umum sekaligus.

Contoh:

at night
at 7:00
on Monday
on Friday
in July
in 2026

📘 26. Preposisi dan kalimat tanya

Preposisi sering menjawab pertanyaan seperti:

Where?

Where is the phone?
Di mana ponselnya?

It is on the table.
Itu ada di atas meja.

When?

When is the meeting?
Kapan rapatnya?

It is on Monday.
Itu hari Senin.

Where are you going?
Kamu mau ke mana?

I am going to the market.
Saya sedang pergi ke pasar.

🧩 27. Kesalahan yang sering terjadi

⚠️ Kesalahan 1
❌ The keys are in the table.

Kalau kuncinya menyentuh permukaan:

✅ The keys are on the table.
Kuncinya ada di atas meja.
⚠️ Kesalahan 2
❌ I work in Monday.
✅ I work on Monday.
Saya bekerja hari Senin.
⚠️ Kesalahan 3
❌ The class starts on 8:00.
✅ The class starts at 8:00.
Kelasnya mulai jam 8:00.
⚠️ Kesalahan 4
❌ My birthday is on July.
✅ My birthday is in July.
Ulang tahun saya bulan Juli.
⚠️ Kesalahan 5
❌ I go in school every morning.

Saat membicarakan pergerakan menuju sekolah:

✅ I go to school every morning.
Saya pergi ke sekolah setiap pagi.
⚠️ Kesalahan 6
❌ He walked in the room.

Kalau maksudmu dia bergerak dari luar ke dalam:

✅ He walked into the room.
Dia berjalan masuk ke dalam ruangan.

🔍 28. Panduan berguna untuk mengingat

Tempat

in = di dalam
on = permukaan
under = di bawah
next to = di samping
behind = di belakang
in front of = di depan
between = di antara dua
near = dekat

Waktu

at = waktu tertentu
on = hari/tanggal
in = bulan/tahun/periode lebih panjang

Arah

to = menuju
from = tempat asal
into = luar → dalam
out of = dalam → luar

🧠 29. Satu hal penting

Kamu tidak perlu menghafal semua preposisi bahasa Inggris hari ini.

Ada banyak preposisi, dan sebagian punya lebih dari satu arti.

Untuk sekarang, fokuslah pada pola yang umum:

in the room
on the table
under the bed
next to the door
at 8:00
on Monday
in July
to school
from work

Mempelajarinya sebagai frasa kecil bisa membuatnya jauh lebih mudah diingat.

✏️ 30. Latihan — Pilih Preposisi yang Benar

1The keys are ___ the drawer.
on / in / at
👀 Show answer
✅ in
2We have class ___ Tuesday.
at / in / on
👀 Show answer
✅ on
3The movie starts ___ 8:00.
at / on / in
👀 Show answer
✅ at

📝 31. Latihan — Preposisi Tempat

1The shoes are ___ the bed.
under / between
👀 Show answer
✅ under
2The pharmacy is ___ the bank and the café.
between / under
👀 Show answer
✅ between
3The bicycle is ___ the garage.
in / on
👀 Show answer
✅ in

🧩 32. Latihan — Preposisi Waktu

1My birthday is ___ July.
in / on / at
👀 Show answer
✅ in
2We meet ___ Friday.
in / on / at
👀 Show answer
✅ on
3I usually sleep ___ night.
in / on / at
👀 Show answer
✅ at

🔁 33. Latihan — Arah

1She is walking ___ the classroom. (into / on)
Pilih preposisi yang benar.
👀 Show answer
✅ into
2The train comes ___ Bandung. (from / to)
Pilih preposisi yang benar.
👀 Show answer
✅ from
3We are going ___ the market. (to / from)
Pilih preposisi yang benar.
👀 Show answer
✅ to

🎯 34. Latihan — Perbaiki Preposisinya

1I work in Monday.
Perbaiki kalimatnya.
👀 Show answer
✅ I work on Monday.
Saya bekerja hari Senin.
2The class starts on 9:00.
Perbaiki kalimatnya.
👀 Show answer
✅ The class starts at 9:00.
Kelasnya mulai jam 9:00.
3He walked in the room. (He moved from outside to inside.)
Perbaiki kalimatnya.
👀 Show answer
✅ He walked into the room.
Dia berjalan masuk ke dalam ruangan.
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